(DOWNLOAD) "United States v. Gonzalez" by Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals # Book PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: United States v. Gonzalez
- Author : Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals
- Release Date : January 01, 1985
- Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 64 KB
Description
Douglass G. Whitney, M.D., W.D. Jordan, M.D., and Fred Shessel, M.D. ("appellants") appeal from the judgment of the district court upholding the constitutionality of certain provisions of 脗§ 2306 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, 42 U.S.C.A. 脗§ 1395u(b)(4), (h)-(j) (West Supp.1985). See Whitney v. Heckler, 603 F. Supp. 821 (N.D. Ga.1985). Appellants make two primary arguments on appeal: (1) that the fifteen-month freeze on the fees that non-participating physicians may charge their Medicare patients violates substantive due process, and (2) that the civil penalties for non-participating physicians who raise their fees to Medicare beneficiaries during the fifteen-month freeze and the various incentives provided for doctors to become participating physicians constitute a bill of attainder prohibited by Art. I, 脗§ 9 of the United States Constitution. We affirm.